The Saginaw, Swan Creek, and Black River Bands of Chippewa, known as the Mississauga-Ojibwa, were three interconnected bands scattered across villages in and around the Northeastern portion of the Southern peninsula of Michigan, extending along the Saginaw River and reaching as far South as Clinton River in Michigan and Ohio.

These bands, through various treaties with the United States, relinquished millions of acres of their ancestral lands. The Indian Court of Claims identified these lands as the bands’ traditional areas of use and occupancy within the Royce Areas 53, 66, 88, and 111, which align with the Indian Land Areas Judicially Established in 1978 as areas 2, 7, 18, and 19.

Treaty History

1785 Treaty of Fort McIntosh, 7 Stat., 16., Treaty with the Wyandot, Etc., 1785. (January 21, 1785).
• 1789 Treaty of Fort Harmar, 7 Stat., 28., Treaty with the Wyandot, Etc., 1789. (January 9, 1789).
• 1795 Treaty of Greenville, 7 Stat., 49., Treaty with the Wyandot, Etc., 1795. (August 3, 1795).
• 1805 Treaty of Fort Industry, 7 Stat., 87., Treaty with the Wyandot, Etc., 1805. (July 4, 1805).
• 1807 Treaty of Detroit, 7 Stat., 105., Treaty with the Ottawa, Etc. 1807. (November 17, 1807).
• 1808 Treaty of Brownstown, 7 Stat., 112., Treaty with the Chippewa, Etc. 1808. (November 25, 1808).
• 1815 Treaty of Spring Wells, 7 Stat., 131., Treaty with the Wyandot, Etc. 1815. (September 8, 1815).
• 1817 Treaty of Miami, 7 Stat., 160., Treaty with the Wyandot, Etc. 1817. (September 29, 1817).
• 1819 Treaty of Saginaw, 7 Stat., 203., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1819. (September 24, 1819).
• 1836 Treaty of Washington, 7 Stat., 503., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1836. (May 9, 1836).
• 1837 Treaty of Detroit, 7 Stat., 528., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1837. (January 14, 1837).
• 1837 Treaty of Detroit, 7 Stat., 547., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1837. (December 20, 1837).
• 1838 Treaty of Saginaw, 7 Stat., 565., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1838. (January 23, 1838).
• 1839 Treaty of Saginaw, 7 Stat., 578., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1839. (February 7, 1839).
• 1839 Treaty of Saginaw, 7 Stat., 579., Treaty with the Chippewa, 1839. (February 7, 1839).
• 1855 Treaty of Detroit, 11 Stat., 633., Treaty with the Chippewa of Saginaw, Etc. 1855. (August 2, 1855).
• 1864 Treaty of Isabella Reservation, 14 Stat., 637., Treaty with the Chippewa of Saginaw, Etc. 1864.
(October 18, 1864).